Shanxi Reback Medical-Rehabilitation of Hand Activity Disorders after Stroke
Release time:
2019-11-28
Author:
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Abstract
Rehabilitation treatment of hand movement disorder after stroke
Stroke is a serious threat to human health and life, with high morbidity, high mortality, high disability characteristics. According to statistics, 30%-60% of patients with upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke, especially hand motor dysfunction, the disability rate is relatively high. Because the hand has a large number of nerve innervation, can complete a lot of fine activities, so the hand movement disorder after stroke has become a major factor hindering the overall rehabilitation process of patients.
Stroke patients hand rehabilitation treatment of traditional rehabilitation treatment methods:
1, mainly rehabilitation therapists through manual contact, stretch, squeeze hemiplegic side limbs, and ultimately to promote neuromuscular response, enhance the corresponding muscle contraction ability, change the sensory nerve abnormal excitability, reduce the effect of muscle tension.
2. Occupational therapy includes many types, such as mandatory exercise therapy, mirror therapy, motor imagery therapy, task-oriented therapy and so on, which are widely used in the daily rehabilitation training of stroke patients. Some studies have shown that hand activities can be controlled and regulated by bilateral brain. Therapists should guide patients to carry out bilateral training more in the process of rehabilitation training, so as to achieve better rehabilitation effect.
Traditional Chinese medicine therapy, including acupuncture, massage, herbal fumigation, etc., have proved to have a certain effect on the rehabilitation of hand motor function in patients after stroke. Physical factor therapy such as electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, cold therapy, wax therapy, ultrasound, etc. can be widely used in stroke patients with hand dysfunction, and have a certain effect. In physical factor therapy, electrical stimulation is the most widely used one, of which functional electrical stimulation is a relatively new treatment method, which belongs to the category of neuromuscular electrical stimulation.
Active training of the affected limb assisted by external devices in the rehabilitation treatment of the hand of stroke patients:
1, Robot-Assisted Therapy
With the development of rehabilitation technology, robot-assisted therapy has become an advanced method in rehabilitation technology. At present, the most popular research is the exoskeleton robot system, which makes the whole rehabilitation process can realize the combination of passive and active activities of each finger, combined with scenario simulation in the training process, and task-oriented, which can significantly improve the active participation of patients and improve the rehabilitation effect. The training assisted by the robot can be added to the myoelectric signal detection equipment and finger proprioception detection and other equipment to help the patient's comprehensive rehabilitation.
2, Brain-computer interface technology BCI technology
Brain-computer interface technology BCI technology is based on the physiological function of the cortical area related to the contralateral and contralateral limb movement, which is different from the primary motor cortex principle. BCI localization and acquisition of brain signals are used to drive the orthosis of the affected limb and improve the hand motor function.
3. Hand rehabilitation aids
Fingerboard, pneumatic gloves and elastic auxiliary hand orthoses are effective in correcting abnormal state of hand. The fingerboard is mainly used for patients with increased muscle tension in the hands of patients with late stroke. It can effectively reduce the degree of spasm in patients and improve the ADL ability of patients.
About 50% of the survivors of cerebrovascular disease patients each year leave upper limb and hand dysfunction. Due to more hand innervation and fine activities, the functional recovery period can be as long as one year or accompanied by lifelong disability. However, there are few rehabilitation methods for the hand. In the future, it is very meaningful to find more post-stroke hand rehabilitation methods and verify new treatment methods to improve the daily activity ability of stroke patients.
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